Hernias Can Be Dangerous When Left Untreated

Reconstructing the abdominal wall is a complex procedure designed to correct defects or weaknesses. These openings may be naturally occurring (which is usual) or may stem from prior surgery, traumatic injury, hernia recurrence or infection.

Hernia symptoms can range from a painless lump to an extremely painful, swollen protrusion that cannot be pushed back into the abdomen. The characteristics of a hernia usually determine the symptoms experienced: Reducible hernia – Pain may precede lump discovery. Aching may occur with or without tenderness in the area. The lump increases in size upon standing or when pressure on the abdomen intensifies. Unless extremely large, the lump may be reduced or gently pushed back through the opening in the abdominal wall. Irreducible hernia – Also known as an entrapped or incarcerated hernia. May be the result of a previously reducible hernia that can no longer be returned to the abdominal cavity. It may be chronic and asymptomatic, or quite painful. Nausea and/or vomiting can occur. This type of hernia may lead to strangulation. Strangulated hernia – Pain is definite and is followed by tenderness. Some patients experience a fever, nausea and/or vomiting. This condition requires emergency surgery, as the blood supply to the entrapped intestines is compromised and can lead to gangrene.

Hernias frequently occur due to a combination of defects in the abdominal wall and pressure that pushes the tissue or organ through the weakened section. Although muscle weakness and small openings can be present at birth, abdominal wall hernias generally occur later in life. Anything that increases the pressure in the abdomen can over time cause a hernia. Potential causes include lifting heavy objects, obesity, persistent sneezing and/or coughing as well as constipation. Smoking, poor nutrition and overexerting oneself may weaken the wall, increasing the likelihood of an abdominal wall hernia. Incisional hernias following surgery are often caused by poor nutrition, wound infections and obesity. These hernias are usually repaired using a surgical mesh implant.

Conventional surgery – The Surgeon creates an incision adjacent to the hernia from which to repair the weakened section of the abdominal wall. Surgical mesh may be used. Laparoscopy – The Surgeon creates several small incisions in the abdomen. These incisions provide an entrance point for the laparoscope and surgical tools. Laparoscopic surgery usually includes the use of surgical mesh. This minimally invasive surgery often is associated will less discomfort and a faster recovery.